The basic function of a clipper is to limit the output voltage to a predetermined level. It does this by removing the parts of the input signal that exceed the predetermined level. This process is known as clipping.
A symmetric clipper removes the same amount of voltage from both the positive and negative peaks of an input signal. Asymmetric clippers remove more voltage from one peak than the other.
Clipper circuits are typically made up of two diodes connected in series and then in parallel with a resistor. When the input voltage exceeds the predetermined level, the diodes will become forward–biased and clip the voltage. This causes the output voltage to be limited to the predetermined level.
The use of clippers in electrical engineering is wide and varied. They can be used to shape or modify the amplitude of a signal, reduce power in an AC circuit, or to restrict the range of an input signal.
Clipper circuits are also used in audio applications to produce a distorted sound or in the design of low–pass filters and other signal conditioning circuits.